Afro-Manga-Anime, the African story goes on through NxHunter.

 From the art of Dali to the streets of Goya to the soul of Hiroki Nakamura to the innocence of Yukari Tamura to the flowing water style of Riyoko Ikeda. Anime with its rich tradition of telling the human story through drawing has garnered the world's attention, from the day the art was formed and has been given its due respect by all art lovers across the world. The genre of art has told a story that cuts through the timeless reigns of time giving the mortal a chance to dance with time forever. Through the alchemic gift of ceasing the unique gift of harnessing the immortal gift of dancing with imagination to perpetuity. 

Artist George Condo would then further say, "Art is the truth and everything else is a lie". Anime has calcified itself and morphed into a marble statue of David in the hallway of Chronos. In turn, the gift of harnessing the infinite potential of preserving one's ideas to perpetuity art has given humanity an immortalized advantage over Chronos. Through Anime the human story is told anew and from a different infinite angle. 

In this regard, Anime becomes a vehicle for furthering the conversation of decolonization and opening newer markets, and bridging salient partners who share a similar story. 

Afro-Manga-Anime: A movement that has adopted the artistic style of Anime and Manga from Japan and China to tell the African story.  

South Africa's NxHunter comes to the game with a unique signature to his style as an artist. His truth is spoken through his appreciation of the art and skill of telling the African story. His artworks are evocative, curious, and brave. 

The flow of his pencil, the burnt graphite on wood tells the emotionless tale of the honesty NxHunter invests in his craft of preserving the essence of Art being told through harnessing the discipline of expression from the East. 

His curiosity resonates with the gritty brave curious rapping style of the 90s pioneered by RZA, GZA, OLD DIRTY BASTARD, Ghostface Killah, and Inspector Deck the alchemic fusion of expression in NxHunter's pencil tells an African story that understands its reality, its fate and its perspective when it comes to solving the issues faced by the urban African. Such issues are rent, depression, and fixed melancholy, among other evocative feelings that dare to visit the mind the seek an understanding of reality through art. 

The pioneering feat of the Wu-Tang Clan brought about a unique sound that is appreciated by those that seek to understand the African from an alternative angle. The Transcultural artist's work is one to keep on popping in time and time again. You never know what revelations may come your way, as art tells the human story. NxHunter's work tells an alternative African story inspired by a transcultural utopia. 

How did the Coup d'etat HAPPEN under structures?

 On the twitter-sphere, there is a user that has the handle called @LynneStactia. She has a firebrand nature of an individual that critiques the government of Zimbabwe and seeks to educate people on the political, and societal status quo of the nation. The submissions she provides are relevant to the discourse around the recovery of Zimbabwe. In terms of any sphere or platform that seeks to address the wrongs of the past in order to preserve what is left maybe from the bare bones, there might sprout a flame lily of hope. A metaphor that represents the hope for a better, brighter tomorrow "hopefully". Lynne posted an interesting question that picked my brain and I sought to attempt to answer the question the best way I can as I test my knowledge, comprehension, and critical thinking skills. This means I know something, but I know nothing. Therefore there is no be-all and end-all when it comes to understanding the broader spectrum of things that have over time defined Zimbabwe. 

 NB: THEREFORE THIS PIECE DOES NOT SEEK TO ATTACK ANYONE BUT SEEKS TO UNDERSTAND THE COUNTRY CALLED ZIMBABWE AND WHAT CAN READERS AND FELLOW THINKERS MIGHT GET TO UNDERSTAND THE ZIMBABWEAN STORY AS IT IS TOLD BY VARIOUS STORYTELLERS. 

What I have noted is that structures in the first instance were, and have never been in existence. In essence, I suggest we look at the sacking of C.J. A. Gubbay in 2000.  The capturing of the judiciary meant that the rights of citizens have been taken away, therefore, creating a fissure within the dynamics of the Zimbabwean society. Precedence was established, and the presence of the Zimbabwe Judiciary Commission was undermined by the late statesman, technically the statesman had all the powers vested upon him. Therefore catapulting him to a god-like status that he has the be-all and end-all powers meant that in as much as commissions would be established they would be mere placeholders within a state. As I may draw everyone's attention to the legal debate of the C.J. Malaba case, C.J. according to the new constitution if he reaches a certain age he must step down. However, that is not the case, the "rule of law", the C.J. Malaba is protected by the president. His reinstatement was and is not constitutional according to Zimbabwean Laws therefore pillars such as separation of powers in Zimbabwe are a farce and an aspiration, not a reality. Thus the following structures are then investigated by looking at their worth to the Zimbabweans. The structures are as follows, the Z.J.C. and the Minister of Justice and Parliamentary Affairs, and the parliament as an institution. Their non-reaction towards the violation of the constitution gives us an indication into the lack of structures gravely led Zimbabwe into the hands of opportunists that in turn undermine the critical role played by structures in governing the mobility of usurpers and protecting the rights of the people "electorate" at the same time. 

The sacking of Gubbay had a debilitating impact across all levels of society and governance. In essence rule of law, liberty, equality, and fraternity were compromised. In this, I suggest that they laid the perfect environment where the Coup of Nov 2017 found legitimacy in the eyes of the delusion masses. In actuality, Zimbabweans were shepherding a pack of Hyenas into the goat's kraal. Were structures ever in place when the idea of building a nation was invented? In one's view, nothing of that nature was ever considered as the nation at first was intended to be a one-party state, as it was preceded and understood by Kwame Nkrumah paying attention to the fact that Mugabe was a staunch admirer of Nkrumah. This had an impact on his decision-making in what and how he viewed and envisioned Zimbabwe. According to the mission statement of what a democracy should be in many cases, it is structured with two ajar actors. They submit their claim before the people and the people then decided who they want in office, is it the yellow party or the green party. It depends on the dynamics involved in a nation. However, in the first instance that was not in Mugabe's plan, subsequently pushing one to suggest maybe that could be the reason that led Mugabe to deploy his 5th Brigade in the 80s "I shall revisit this topic in the future as a separate feature of conversation".

Structures were in place or in existence in Zimbabwe, however, they developed designed, and structured as a blueprint of what can be dubbed the "Two-Zimbabwe-Phenomena", those that are in power including their leeches benefit from the kakistocracy, and the cleptocracy. Which allows them to run amok in the country and do as they please in the country, "corruption". Then there is Zimbabwe which is for the masses that keep an eagle eye on all civilian activities and anything that it perceives and interprets as if it is against the "Law" then the masses will see the truer nature of Zimbabwe that has structures. Thus Zimbabwe not only is a kakistocratic state and a kleptocratic state, but it also thrives on nepotism, which is structured not only on political lines. Zimbabwe is structured along ethnic tribal lines in turn manifesting an imbalance within the machine called Zimbabwe. In essence, the trident of a republic becomes null and void in practice. The establishment of posies, where they manifest themselves and assume the stewardship of the country. This means structures are there on paper, they have a final say, "monopoly" over everything. Therefore retracting back to the past and to the present, the idea of formulating structures was not on the cards. One classic example would be the accelerated land reform program. Indeed applying the revolutionary eye, the process was justified and unanimously affirmed  "third chimurenga". The redistribution was and should have taken place a long time ago. However, the chief financier of the initial plan walked away from the table as they knew it would be an embarrassment to pay colonial reparations to an African. Which they knew would spark a wave of former colonies claiming reparations. Which would upset the global systemic structure which has been formulated to benefit the west at the expense of African countries. Paying attention it was the height of the Cold War the reparations exercise would swing in favour of the USSR. Thus the British government played a wait-and-see and events fell in their favour, "Gukurahundi" giving them ample time to formulate a response that is a slap on the wrist which in turn would infuriate Mugabe and out of his revolutionary zeal. He would enact and oversee radical movements such as the ones the world witnessed, further, giving them the leg room to find validation for formulating sanctions. The point that is being delivered at this juncture is that in the whim and wake of the revolutionary stance of Mugabe and Zimbabweans the view of safeguarding the institution through well throughout structures, that will have to reform and restructure for over four decades was not established in accordance with precincts of any republic. With that gap before the powers that be, the gap allowed them to exploit the nation, and establish coreless structures. Accelerating the creation and formulation of an old republic that carries the old archaic stench of human greed, lust, envy, sloth, gluttony, wrath, pride, and vanity. Which in turn has resulted in the rights of workers that they fought for becoming null and void, in their eyes, and they are deemed as cries without basis. 

Zimbabwe has a parliament, however, the parliament does not reflect the accurate ideals of the people ever since the establishment of the country as much as there are "democratic processes" such as general elections and the establishment of an officially recognised opposition party among other internationally recognised democratic processes that any republic is expected to experience. 

The gross human rights violations, political abductions, and arbitrary tortures have resulted in the elimination, of purposeful structures. In essence, the gross violation of human rights goes unnoticed and is mentioned by organisations such as Z.H.R.C., Amnesty International Zimbabwe, etc, however, if the government of the day is not willing to assist in the project of nation-building it means or meant that the basic rights of the everyday person are trampled on by the powers that be as they do as they desire to allow any democratic process to take place as the exercise exposes the government for they have acquired political muscle that sends shivers down the spines of any would-be free thinker. In essence, the absence of any establishment or structure that serves the people becomes a farce, a satirical feature that is only to be mentioned on paper however, in practice such organs are nonexistent.  The lack of definitive structures across the board meant that if the army were and had to roll out their tanks into the middle of the streets. To the people, it meant the reestablishment of intended structures that are meant for the restoration of the basic rights of the people. In which it was a trojan horse that was afoot that meant the robbing of the basic human rights of the people. 

A government is defined by the people, and a state is defined by the people. Due to that fact that Zimbabweans in its profound understanding so far through weighing itself with its peers across the global village. It can be comprehended and appreciated the lack of urgent structures that have the sole mandate of serving the people, not "the people". Has since not been in existence when it comes to preserving the integrity of the legal fraternity, academia, and all sectors that contribute to the stability of a country. In the whim and understanding that a nation is founded on the spectrum where organs are inter-connected like roads or rivers. The same stance can be applied in accordance with the lens of governance as it plays a crucial role in defining a state. Therefore, structures, well-intended structures that are people-oriented become a top priority. One might signal again the lack of structures that are dedicated to safeguarding the interests of the people and were never corroborated or designed to protect the very best interest of the country.

The following events in Zimbabwean history might have established the precedence that led to the annihilation of structures in Zimbabwe. 

1. 1987: National Railways Housing Scandal
2. 1988: Willowgate Scandal
3. 1989: Zimbabwe Republic Police Santana Scandal
4. 1994: War veterans compensation Scandal
5. 1995: Grain Marketing Board Grain Scandal
6. 1996: V.I.P. Housing Scandal
7. 1998: Boka Banking Scandal
8. "....": ZESA YTL Soltran Scandal
9. "....": Telecel Scandal
10. "....": Harare City Council refuse/garbage collection tender scandal
11. 1999: Housing loan scandal
12. ".....": NOCZIM scandal
13. "......": DRC, Timber, and Diamond UN reported scandal
14. "....": Grain Marketing Board scandal
15. "....": Ministry of Water and Rural development Chinese tender
16. "....": V.I.P. Land Grab scandal, here the political, military, business elites of Zimbabwe when the accelerated land reform program was introduced. They used the war veterans in creating the commotion and then they exploit the gap that has been created by the violence of their foot soldiers. Since they have acquired financial muscle the elites ceased large tracks of land, and established newer and maintained old markets. Instead of giving up the prime land to the people, they kept the land and its financial returns to themselves. They would be foot soldiers, and for their efforts, they were rewarded with land however, over time they could not maintain the land because they did not have the resources "financial muscle or even the collateral that they can use to access more funds to improve their land, and farming practices". 
17. 2001: Harare airport scandal
18. 2008: The arbitrary violence imposed on the people during the election rerun was between April to July 2008. 
19. 2008 to 2014: Harare Airport scandal 
20. 2016: The Diamond company revenue scandal a.k.a. The missing 15 Billion dollars diamond revenue scandal 
21. 2018: Zesa scandal
22. 2019: NSSA scandal
23. 2019: Command Agriculture scandal The Sentry Organisation: Command agriculture 
24. 2020: Draxgate scandal Draxgate of 2020
    
25. 2021: Henrietta Rushwaya 6kg gold airport scandal Zimbabwean mining boss nabbed with 6kgs of gold at the airport.

NB: This article takes you from the Willowvale Gate scandal to the recent Covid19 scandal:

 From Willowvalge to Covid19 Gate

NB: According to various accounts, a total of 76 Billion USD dollars and above cumulatively has been lost thus far, note these are the scandals that have been dug out and brought to the attention. The question that then beckons how many of them have gone unnoticed and have not seen the light of day?

The attempt in this conversation is not to prove or to paint one as a saint but it is intended to raise the awareness of the fact of the matter that has been brought into the fray by the topic question which is, How did the Coup d'etat HAPPEN under structures?

In detailing the chain of scandals that have come to light, seeks to substantiate the following submission. 1). Structures that protect the interests of the people were not empowered and were not granted the full independence that they should undertake in an ideal state. 2). The infiltration and the pollution of the Zimbabwean Justice System through the capturing of the head of the justice fraternity, established precedence that led to the acceleration of the deplorable state of Zimbabwe. Resulting in the extinction of the local currency "Zimbabwean dollar". In the best interest of the essay, it should be understood according to the following hypothesis. That Zimbabwe is a victim of internal and external factors that are in a constant ideological battle. This means the already established colonial order which favours the British interests or Western Interests versus the DeColonial/Pan-African conversation into addressing the wrongs of the past through a total aggressive deletion of any remnants that carry the DNA of the old dogs. However, unbeknownst to the demon that freedom fighters that traded their army fatigues for the suits stayed too long, and lived to witness themselves becoming villains of their former selves. This means instead of carrying further with the conversation the injection of newer fresher minds into the discourse has resulted in a subpar environment that has introduced a ruffian-like administration that does not pay attention to the precincts of democracy and rule of law. This led to the exploitation of the organs of state that depend heavily on the establishment of a people emancipated governance that abides by structures that maintain, improve, and constantly reconstruct the nation. In the eyes of the people not in the eyes of "the people". Thus the lack of succinct structures that pertain, to and maintain the ideals of democracy, "liberty, equality, and fraternity", allowed the ideas of the coup d'etat to be welcomed by the people from 14 to 21 November 2017. 

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As of November 2017, the constitution of Zimbabwe was suspended until the ideal conditions do favour the junta government and its proxies. They have debilitating parasitic characteristics that have no intention of fostering and furthering the interests of the masses, that access to education, mother and child healthcare, basic healthcare, and the pursuit of happiness among other human interests. Be that as it may the same grit, unity, and self-sacrifice that was shown by the people of France on 05 May 1789, from the Women's March to the storming of Bastille to the rise of Napoleon and fall of Napoleon. The French people were inspired by the tenets of "Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity" as the guiding north star for the French people. In the interests of being a human being governed by "self-actualisation and the pursuit of happiness" if possible be the guiding principles of all Zimbabweans that aspire to achieve democracy. It is imperative to understand the coup d'etat, was bound to happen, the coup d'etat was meant to happen, because of the lack of structures within Zimbabwe since the emancipation and the birthing of Zimbabwe and to be welcomed among the league of nations. 

The lack of structures within Zimbabwe not only established the precedence that Zimbabwe was supposed to follow it further meant that, arbitrary abductions, unfathomable arrests, and the clamping down of free thinkers. Such occurrences as the abduction of Itai Dzamara Amnesty International: Itai Dzamara, five years on. 

The lack of structures in Zimbabwe has not only come at a laborious cost, but it has also brought with itself impunity. The gross violation of human rights has not only handicapped the judicial process, in one observation it has hindered hr of women in Zimbabwe. The basic women's rights have been devalued to the extent that the state arrests the council "legal" of the Ali family in the name of its interpretation of the law. Moreblessing Ali was mutilated and dumped at a well Nyatsime, Chitungwiza Moreblessing Ali story. Furthermore, according to the ZRP legal council Sikhala is being charged with inciting violence at Miss Ali's funeral. It can be understood, that with the DNA of Zimbabwe. Politically motivated killings and the judicial processes become a source of contestation. This means that the law is used to settle political scores or to derail the judicial process of many to most Zimbabweans in such cases the arresting of council Sikhala Job Sikhala was arrested. 

The lack of structures in Zimbabwe can be traced back to 1982 from that time to this date established the right conditions for a coup d'etat. The socio-political discourse of Zimbabwe through grooming and reminding the nation that Zimbabwe is still at war. Military fatigue is the one that brings freedom, allowing the army to calculate and initiate the coup of 2017. Which was welcome by the people with open arms. In essence through grooming and indoctrination instead of the people focusing on asking or forcing for independent bodies "structures". When events such as a coup took place it was welcome, virtually inhibiting the hands of Justitia. 

The lack of structures in Zimbabwe has created a societal collapse, and economical impasse, and a bleak future across the whole board. The long march to freedom is still in its infancy it has been stagnant since 1979. It is up to the people to find themselves in the wilderness of nothingness and demand what is due to the "40 acres and a mule". The point of departure when it comes to the reestablishment of structures would be constitutionalism. Educating the people of Zimbabwe on how to apply the constitution and how to interpret the constitution. Informed people are people that are able to find solutions within themselves. The onus is on the people to decide where they want to go as a nation, one cannot hold nor may harass anyone to follow a cause. The onus of freedom lies or rests in the willingness of the people to find their own truth when it comes to freedom and ceasing the desired future. 

What's hot on the tables: Into the vibe with Khiro

 Sound is for everyone, in sound, there is a universal language that brings ajar worlds within distance and parallel lanes finding ways to intersect. There is a language embedded in every sound, it takes a few to be able to command the will of that energy to their command. Today we take a deep dive into the vibe of  Khiro music 

It's a performance by Khiro, it's titled "Seven wonders of the world" hosted by Amstel, Hennesy, Ballentine's, or Beefeater. The venue is Table Mountain, Mosi-Oa-Tunya, or Egypt over the Nile river and there is a golden sunset. You are dressed to impress, you are adorned in elegance to the tea. Titans of the game in any industry have converged at the venue to behold the main attraction Khiro performing. 

Music needs a unique approach when you become a "sound-bender"  you pay attention, intimately to the needs of the people. What people love, and appreciate, music is there to take you away to a place that you have never been before. A place that is timeless, a place that is intimate, a place that is rare, and in a split second at that moment you forget about your worries, you cast your problems too far away and you become free. That is what it feels like to listen to any production from Khiro. 

Khiro blends a plethora of genres into one amazing mix which allows him to be in tandem with his audience that appreciates his music and is able to make friends along the process. Therefore in one's view, Khiro is a mad scientist of music. Upon listening to Khiro's discography which is available on all platforms Khiro music. In my engagement with the Khiro productions, I picked up the following genres that get people on their feet. In his lab, I picked up HipHop, Amapiano, Deep House, Techno, and Tribal house among other amazing genres that Khiro produces. His music is broad and vast this means it is also up to you to share within the comment section what other genre did you pick up when you listened to Khiro's music. 

Khiro is a brand that is special in many ways than one, I attest to this assertion against the following observation. The blending of the genres that get the people dancing is meant to give people a once-in-a-lifetime experience where two ajar worlds converge and have a good time. I look at the way Khiro blends Hypnotise by Biggie and a techno-Afro house beat to the track or a Stronger by Ye and a techno-Afro house beat to it. The audience on the dance floor, dancing to this track can get the chance to dance together and have a good time. Fulfilling the artist's desire of seeing people dancing together and having a great time. The same sentiments that brands that work with people intend to achieve. 

Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa I liken it to 1980s SoHo, New York City the times are fascinating as in that period icons such as Basquiat, Harring, RUN DMC,  Grand Master Flash, and the Furious Five among other greats that graced the scene and managed to make their names globally. The thesis that is being delivered in this observation is that the 80s are repeating themselves as time develops. The similarity that I delivering here is backed by the following names that are making their brands visible are Nikita, LeNanza, LiMotive, and Big Chief Tshepi among others that are in the hustle. They are building upon a space that gives people something to hold on to and have a moment of their lives immortalised for all to witness. The rolling 20s are the new rolling 80s experimental sounds that are popping up all the time and you so do not want to miss the once ina lifetime opportunity. As the groovy train is building momentum you so have to take your seat and buckle up for it is a journey worth saying "I was there when it started"

 You see Khiro pays attention to detail and provides a sonic blend that is only meant for the curious at heart and open in mind. Those that are willing to break the rules and see what makes the rules and then bring in new rules that explicitly erase the old rules, because everyone is in favour of the new rules. Passive communication is effective for anyone's development on this path of self-actualisation, moments of becoming and being. The lad is not afraid to tinker with the oldies as well, I was taken aback by his remix of Todii by the late Oliver Mtukudzi. The track is one of a kind and his mastery of the music experimenting with classic Afro-Jazz acts as a safety net that keeps the past and the present together. A reminder of what music is like, and should be like, in the sense that the past is never far away from the future, present, and the unknown. 

Khiro, is a humble lad, with great potential enough to cause a storm in the mixology scene of music, style, and fashion. You love good music, good people, and amazing drinks, Khiro is your guy to go to. If you wish to have a great time, hey pull through at Hatfield Square 2.0 with your mates and have a great time, better yet, share, like, and subscribe to his SoundCloud page and be on the pulse whenever, and wherever you are in this world Khiro music

He is bound to make headlines in the coming months and his set is guaranteed to be one of a kind.

Music is a journey, producing is a meditation and the people are the consumers and what people want is to have a great time. Khiro gives you the great time that people want and searches for in this world. 

Go listen to Khiro music

On the radar: The Modern Healer with Buang Nthabiseng Koneshe

 ...Pasipamire was just another young man,
in the village,
Leading a simple life of peace and harmony,
No troubles on his mind for he was a simple man,

And then Chaminuka came,
And Pasipamire was changed,
And then the spirit came,
Chaminuka was his name,
And everywhere there was jubilation,
A leader had been found,
Chosen by the ancestors... 

"Song by Chiwoniso Maraire: Ancient Voices"

The late Zimbabwean songstress, songwriter, and mbira player gave us a magnum opus, a body of work that is timeless. A record that speaks about the heart and soul of the African, she saw the future and came back and gave us the future. Enlightened and awakened the sleeping giant that lay within each African that awaits for the soul to open its window into seeing the world beyond the realm of the mortal man. Paying attention to the lyrics of Ancient voices the track lays the red carpet that speaks about the change in times. Yet the African remains the same, the African does not go extinct, the African adapts the African upgrades, and the African becomes. In becoming like the energy the African heritage does not get eroded, it only morphs itself into another form to meet the demands and needs of the time. 

You can take the African out of Africa, you cannot take Africa out of the African.  You can try to erode the ancestors, you cannot erode what the ancestors mean to the Africans. As the times evolved with the technology the ancestors or Amadlozi or Midzimu have evolved as well.

 In the times when the African is searching for itself, the ancestors respond to the needs of the African. Taking you back a bit tracing the oral heritage of Africa according to the Zezuru oral narrative from the lyrics above by Chiwoniso. The lyrics give us a perspective on the integrity of the people that have been chosen by Amadlozi. To undertake duties of preserving culture, heritage, the rights, and dignity of the African. In the two decades of the twenty-first century thus far the Africans have been on a journey of return. The point of returning to self, a moment of restoring the dignity of the African. In the twenty-first century, there has been a rise of chosen ones, the gifted. One perceives that it is a counter-reaction against the wave of modernity and globalisation that poses a threat to diluting the compass of the African. 

Buang Nthabiseng Koneshe arrives on the global podcasting scene with her show called The Modern Healer. The show evokes the conversation into the unknown world of modern healers, a world that is not known to the greater global village. Due to the debilitating effects of colonialism, modernity, and imperialism the African customs have been ridiculed. Observed as if they are demonic and evil, indeed there are aspects that are corrupted by the evil that lurks in the mortal man. The same as Christianity in the vision and understandings of the corrupted mortal man The effects were witnessed through colonisation and imperial expansion. That resulted in the Trans-Atlantic slave trade, which was accelerated by the misinterpretation of the bible. That justified the northern hemisphere societies to formulate the laws against their Christian interpretations. Which saw the plundering, and pillage of African societies. Koneshe brings to the podcasting community a unique and enlightened take on the world of modern healers. 

Koneshe's podcast is for the curious in mind, the open-minded, the knowledge seekers, and the identity searchers. The podcast is available across every platform and I highly recommend you to listen to The Modern Healer by Buang Nthabeseng Koneshe. Give her podcast an ear, share it with your peers, and have a broadened view that lay beyond your horizon of curiosity. 

The Modern Healer with Buang Nthabeseng Koneshe

Go visit the Javett Arts Centre now!

 "Art is the truth and everything else is a lie", artist Geroge Condo. 

Art is the eye of the soul, the window to the heart, and the conduit of human emotions. Silent as the night yet screams as the day, the gateway into the yearning of the soul, a flesh wound fresh and sore. It speaks about the truth that humanity is afraid to face or to speak. Freedom lies in that seeks to harness the sun like the Scarab and let all witness the truth as is, in its purest form. The souls of the dead and gone have found the fountain of youth and that is through the unreligious passages of human expression. That is art, lies have been peddled through art, as well as the truth has been peddled through art. Therefore in one's view, art is the fire of the gods of Olympus and the artist is a conduit or the modern Prometheus that has stolen the fire of the gods and is paying the price for the crimes of enlightenment. The truth lies in the detail where the selfishness of man only focuses on itself being fed and kept warm, while the Prometheus is left in the cold and has to face the punishment of the gods as their eagle devours its liver every day, the same place, same time. 

The gateway of the truth rests in eyes of those that are gifted in seeing the facade hidden behind the cowl of lies. In the age of the technical mortal man, satisfied by the instant likes, aroused by the instant gratification of strangers. Art becomes the reflection of the truth that rests in the opaque souls of the mortal. In essence, what I am building upon is 2022. Has given the community of Hatfield, Pretoria, and South Africa a once in a lifetime opportunity where the eyes of the many have been blinded by the gaze of Medusa, many have been blinded by the elusive glimmer of chums gold. In actuality the truth lies in the vibrant yellow colour, that is silent but screams. The truth rests in the music that reminds you of the legendary crooners such as Hugh Masekela, Winston Ngozi Mankunku, and Jonas Ngwangwa, the times when Miriam Makeba sang her heart out and the world stood still and marvelled at the beauty behind the melody. The Mecca of black consciousness, the Jerusalem of black radical imagination, the Lalibela of Afro-Surrealism, the Timbuktu of Afro-Realism, and the Kilimanjaro of black free-thinking; with all praises and the red carpet lid before you. I am glad to call this place the Louvre of Africa. The home of the Mapungubwe golden Rhino. When I look at it, it's a place where blackness is celebrated in its purity, where life is expressed with no lies shrouded in it. I speak of a place called the Javett Arts Centre. Located in the heart of Pretoria, under the great care of the University of Pretoria and the Javett Art Foundation. 

It is a centre where free thinking is allowed to be what it should be and how it should be. We search for answers to this world but the definitive answer no one knows, except for a time in itself. Therefore it is fickle for a human being to believe and understands that it has all the answers to this world. Mere mental masturbation of the damned if one would suggest. As humanity is a never-ending drop into the abyss where you neither know nor can see its beginning and end. Thus in one's submission, the Javett Arts Centre is the place to visit now. I ask you this one question, have you taken the time to go and visit the Javett Arts Centre if yes shoutout, if not why are you not visiting this place? You are missing out on a once in a lifetime experience my dear friend. 

I appreciate the curatorial effort invested in the art centre's works, works that are relevant to this time and beyond as it evokes the questions that have been lying dormant for a long time. In the rise of Critical Race Theory, where a theory is seen as if it's an abomination known to man. In actuality, it is the napalm that is needed to evoke the honest question that the world has been dodging for over five centuries. I say this because the arts irregardless of the discipline that one decides to master have been the vehicle that brings about awareness of the past and future that mirror each other and leave a mystery that does not have any relation with both ends of the time spectrum. My point in this space is, that the Javett Arts Centre's pieces of 2022 are a marvel into the unknown past that reflects the future. In the wake of unanswered yesterday's questions, they wave their heads in the twenty-first century. A constant reminder to us all that if the past is buried and forgotten. Time does not forget, time will constantly remind you of the white elephant in the room, the black dot on the white canvass. The point that is being delievered at this juncture is that 1). the past cannot be forgotten, 2). the future is the reflection of the past  3). The truth of the soul rests in art. In essence protest art as radical as is, it speaks on behalf of the afflicted and it seeks to address the truth that is not accessible to the masses. 

The global south community lives in a space where it has been erased from the pages of history,  storytelling, and religious codes. Where the subconsciuous truth of the human being lies and rests in the minds of the artist. Witnesses itself reincarnated in many ways than one, therefore the discipline of art becomes the window into the heart and soul of that seek to find answers that they seek to answer for themselves and art is the conduit into the pale gaze of history. Be careful when you gaze into her eyes she will turn you into stone and you'll stay there forever "the sunken place". That is how black art evokes the truth into observing that which lies in between the glitz and glamour of this world that is hidden under the veil of instant human gratification. Freedom lies in art, the truth lies in art, the exhibition of the Javett Arts Centre is one not to be missed, as it is a microcosm of the macrocosm into the evoked negro rage, where the status quo of the negro has been that of a performer, a dancer, a muse to the masses both rich and wannabe rich, and a passage to pseudo woke ones of society. The centre not only has curated artwork. The art centre has a curated documented passage through time, time as a spectrum and time as a medium. A linear passage into the human mind, though it is scattered is interconnected by a line. A line that intersects through, race, wealth, law, sociology, biology, philosophy, and history, among other humanities-related disciplines. The Yakhal'Inkomo exhibition that is on display is a religious reverence of the black person in its pure state. The significance of cattle within the African community is a mermaid siren, that pierces through the numb ear. Cattle is wealth, cattle access, cattle is ownership, cattle is power, and cattle is status. You see all the above-mentioned pillars signify the importance of blackness in a polarised society where the voices of the everyday folk have been silenced by the tides of modernity. Yet through art, the Yakhal'Inkomo art is a reminder of the significance of humanity as is especially in the world of the afflicted. The ones that have been marginalised by the machinations of persons have understood that they have the divine right to dictate how the world should be run. Art "Yakhal'Inkomo" exhibition of  2022 become the many voices that echo through the fabric of time. What lies beneath the skin of time is the truth that the mortal man is afraid to witness as it is Pandora's box. The purpose of art is not to attack anyone, the role of art is not to bruise or frighten anyone, The role of art is to evoke humanity in all that is in this world that identifies themselves with the universal declaration of human rights. In one's view I would not be shocked nor may I be taken aback if the Javett Arts Centre is recognised or earns the UNESCO world heritage site in the foreseeable future. The institution itself meets the requirements that allow them to crown. I might be biased about this notion but I believe that the amazing team at the Javett Arts Centre are displaying an excellent approach to evoking and preserving free thinking. 

Freedom lies in those that are not afraid to behold what lies behind the door that is before them. You are in a space where you are told not to open the door. You pass by that door every time and you take a pause and look at the door. You see it is a simple door, yet you are told not to open the door. A lingering honest question circles through your mind as to why am I being told so. In essence, the Javett Arts Centre is that place that encourages you to open your door. The door that will set your heart on fire, a door that will unshackle the mental shackles that are before you. It is better to live a life of truth than to live a life of a lie. In essence, what can be understood in the art that is within the Arts centre. The timeless souls that still sing today, are the window into the many souls that are searching for their own truth in essence which is the universal truth only spoken in different ways. That truth lies between the heart and the soul. 

The Arts Centre not only presents itself as that human brain that is layered with various slides yet they all correlate, and speak the same language and same sentiments. The Javett Arts Centre is one big book that has many chapters and the same story. Yet every time you visit that chapter again you witness a newer revelation that you did not know it is there. 

Aside from the art that is there and present the centre is picturesque the centre has an amazing backdrop that inspires a lovely photo shot scene. All you have to do is seek permission first and give credit where it is due after you have taken the stunning photo, "a good turn deserves another". 

The Javett Arts Centre is the place to be and the home to visit always, take your loved one, take your friend. Take your team and pay the Javett Arts Centre a visit. They have curated well-trained tour guides as well that allow you to interpret and correlate the art on display and your own interpretation. By the end of the day, the art is for you to witness engage and enjoy. 

Go visit the Javett Arts Centre now and have a good time. 

The 60s the fountain of black enlightenment.

 Blackness in one's view will forever be a point of debate and a bone of contention when it comes to the emancipation of the global south. In understanding the parameters of enlightenment and where this aura of enlightenment emanates from it can be appreciated that the void can be filled by tracing the tides of time as they are the only substantive source that has a guarantee to all understanding of the contemporary twenty-first century. Expanding further leaning against the saying "History repeats itself" is so often a time, one gets to notice it is as-is. This is because one's submission in this case is based on the power dynamics between the conquered and conqueror. Therefore that imbalance could not meet the core of the conversation where there is and must be a point of reckoning and reconciliation when it comes to addressing the past if possible. However, be that as it may, in one's observation it can be noted that the 1960s are the definitive anchor to understanding the contemporary reasons that inspired the emergence of the conversations that are being discussed in many circles of epistemological debate. This essay is a reaction to the wave where there is literary censorship against the Critical Race Theory from the global northern hemisphere that is hellbound and determined with all it has to place sensors around the expansion of the theory. In one's observation, and being a member of the global south that is historically disenfranchised and still reeling and recovering from the shackles of colonialism, and neo-colonialism. CRT becomes the North star of reference in order to be able to understand contemporary reality. That is being faced by me and my generation and where do we stand in all of this after the first generation is dead and gone, where do we stand in this contemporary conversation, from a vantage point that seeks to embrace both spheres of the global south. It can be suggested that movements such as the Black Lives Matter, Fees Must Fall, DeColonisation, Accelerated Land Reform Program, Marikana 2012, and the Mau-Mau rebellion. The horizon is far and wide, there are a plethora of landmarks one can mention, however, for the sake of time, only a few can be mentioned. The idea is to bring to the fray the concept of finding the core of the meaning into where and how the 1960s were a penultimate period that has standing in black psychology. One would suggest that period is when the stars of black consciousness aligned as that period brought to question the status quo of the global south that is culturally intertwined and has brought into the fray the status of the global society and yet the reciprocity of the global north towards the global south is negative. Therefore schools such as CRT, and Black Consciousness become the standing yardstick not to evoke panic in the society but to evoke the suppressed consciousness of the world for the voices of the black community have been muzzled by the global north and become moving cadavers that have unintentionally but systematically forced to become zombies. In one's observation that period "1960s" was at a time when the black community rose to the table and sought to question the presupposed and assumed status quo that society was made to believe is how the world should be conducted when in actuality that is not the case. It stems from critiquing what is understood as what should be but in reality it is what should not be. Without world war 1 & ultimately 2, the black person would still be suppressed and still understand and believe that its place is in the corner and not at the table. Eventually, due to time, the black person would though find their place in this world one way or the other, however, as history and humanity saw it fitting that the two wars, were the fitting stage to evoke and provoke the dormant black mind into questioning its position in the global village. The point that is being delivered in this observation is that without the wars there would not have been a shift in the observation of the laws, the economics, and the politics of societies as they intertwin, cascade, and collide within each other. Therefore 1960, that decade is the decade that marked the beginning of black enlightenment and entitlement as the black majority deserves a share of the pie that is before humanity. Kwame Nkrumah said, "the black man can solve his own problems" in that spectacle the black person is expected to reap and benefit from the rewards that come along with solving his own problems. Therefore this then means theories such as CRT and B.C. act as an anchor in investigating the dynamics behind blackness and the world. 

The 60s is an era where the global negro community started its trek to freedom. Without world war two, there would have not been black protestant writers, though eventually, they would have emerged in another way other than world war. As destiny has it world war was the platform that sought the explosion of black emancipation. In one's observation, the 60s can be called the black renaissance, the period of psychological convergence of the black persons. There and then the seed was sown and the expansive population of black awakening became the underground railroad to black freedom. It is still in one's observation as the global north still dictates the fate of blackness, which is still an imbalance the point is that, black expressive art is viewed with suspicion and there are gatekeepers that do not appreciate black expressive art as it dabbles on topics that leave many uncomfortable but that is the purpose of art to evoke the mind to think critically of what is around them. It has taken thirty years for black writing to be recognised on the global literary scene as if society does not appreciate black literature when essence black literature is where the forgotten heart of men still beats. The 60s is still and shall forever be the determining factor in black history; from the Caribbean to the U.S., descending back to Africa. You see that the 60s were at the juncture of the black universal stance. Questions such as where is my 40 acres and a mule or I fought with you side by side yet you want me to go back to my place of nothing. 

The birth of Ghana, Algeria, to writers and thinkers such as Achebe, Davis, Fannon, Hampton, H. Newton. To leaders such as Nkrumah, Lumumba, Mugabe, Hani, Madikizela to Shakur, you see the unanswered questions of that era repeat themselves to this day and in the foreseeable future. Bringing to contemporary times the Marikana massacre 2012, Fees Must Fall 2015/16, to Black lives matter. Black consciousness is a virgin, the same with its literature, and imagination there is still a lot to be untapped discussed, and investigated around. Individuals such as Dedan Kimathi, to the role, played uMkhonto we Sizwe played a role in black enlightenment. Even in black art where culture laid the foundation for contemporary music. The likes of Miriam Makeba, Hugh Masekela, Winston Ngozi Mankunku "Yakhal'Inkomo", Lewis Nkosi. 

The 60s are an interesting period that brought with it the questions that are central to the black struggle and how the black struggle has been articulated in a way where the black voice has not been given an opportunity to be heard. The black person has everything that has been taken away from it and in such a space where the black person is not accorded its fair share of respect. The only thing that a black person has to their name is black-rage. In one's view, the 1960s became the vantage point where blackness was ushered into the conversation on the various platforms of departure that seek to articulate the preservation of blackness from the political arena, to the social arena, cascading to the legal arena. Therefore from both fronts of the global south, the 60s became the point of focus as it dissects the conversation with regard to reparations and addressed the effects of colonialism and imperialism. What one is delivering to the fray is that the 60s era was the focal point of attempting to raise the conversation around where the black person seeks to comprehend the position of the black person. The matter of the black person becomes the focal point. The compounding circumstances resulted in the 60s being the epitome of black awakening where there was a seismic shift across the board when it came to the ideas of black emancipation and black representation; with an emphasis on self-determination. The idea of establishing a self-determined individual it allows the manifestation of black representation from the grassroots to the global scene. The compounding social circumstances within the black community dating back to as far as the trans-Saharan slave trade and were largely felt during the height of the trans-Atlantic slave trade. The black nation-building project was disrupted further pushing aback the agenda by at least five hundred years and counting. In one's observation the 60s decade became that outlet where the realisation of black emancipation and taking the idea into practice in the 60s became the perfect setting for a unanimous stance against systemic and endemic misrepresentation. It has to be acknowledged that the disenfranchisement of the black person over the passage of time. Overtime inspired the emergence of radical and moderate resistant schools of thought. This can be linked with the access to education which allowed sporadic enlightenment that broadened the reasoning platform of the black majority. As can be traced to the following historical landmarks that came along with the 60s. The first port of call without any order, in the 60s the world saw the rise of the Nation Of Islam led by Prophet Elijah Mohammed which then gave the world Malcolm X. The black revolutionary's stance no black liberation that carried an aggressive radical stance catapulted him to the stage. Furthermore, one paying attention to the more moderate stance of non-violence the school of thought that was brought and advocated by Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. The two black leaders zoning in one can note that they represented the divided mind of the black person. In this aspect, one expresses the view of interacting the point that notes, Malcolm X and Luther King Jr were the epitome of the black consciousness as their schools of thought amplified the microcosm of the macrocosm of the black thought. The 60s saw the emergence and rise of the black panther party led by Huey Newton which then spawned various stations across America and that saw the rise of Chairman Fred Hampton. Bringing the historical landmarks to Africa in the 60s saw the emergence of black nationalism across Africa. Where colonialism was being pushed back on the continent of Africa the first port of call that the continent witnessed was the establishment of the Organisation of African Unity. The organisation's mandate was to assist and oversee the declaration of African countries, the school of thought inspired various means and ways that brought with them the emergence of Pan-Africanism which saw the various methods of seeing Africa free and that is the use of guerilla warfare to fight the oppressors or means of diplomacy. In some instances where guerilla warfare was in east Africa Kenya. The Mau-Mau rebellion saw the rise of Jomo Kenyatta and then sparked the rise of post-colonial literature through the lenses of Okot P'Bitek and Ngugi Wa Thiongo. The same tangent of war was expressed in Zaire now known as DRC saw the rise and fall of Patrice Lumumba; going further afield one gets to mention icons such as Leopold Senghor that saw culture as a means to continental enlightenment. Seikou Toure. Trickling to southern Africa, in Rhodesia Joshua Nkomo at that time was a trade unionist and formed his own political party ZAPU around 1964/65. In that same year Rhodesia under Ian Smith, as the white minority government saw to it that they shall be toppled by the black majority. As a means of pacifying the black aggression, Ian Smith brought up with him the Unilateral Declaration of Independence "U.D.I." The move was meant to quail the looming, ensuing black aggression through the minority government declaring independence. London saw it as an insult and therefore Rhodesia was placed under sanctions. The point that is being delivered at this point in time is that the 60s ushered a seismic shift into the status of the black person in Africa and in the global South. When the black thought is aligned there is a great potential definitive shift in the world. Furthermore, as it is witnessed in the introduction of the arts to be specific African expressive art saw with it the awakening of the dormant black thought that focuses on dictating its own story and calling for a conscious shift into the old order. In essence, the 60s during the height of mass censorship by the various oppressive governments saw the rise and emergence of singers such as Miriam Makeba, Hugh Masekela, Winston Ngozi Mankunku, writers such as Lewis Nkosi, Doris Lessing, Wole Soyinka. The arts scene became the home of the ideal black thought where places such as Sophiatown, where black art preserved the consciousness of the majority. Spoke about the ideal black utopia at the same time communicating with the rest of the world that in spite of the endemic violence exposed to the black person. The black person will find means and ways to entertain himself and at the same time educate himself on the visible-invisible red tapes. Thus one can suggest that the 60s was a convergence of the following Black Radical Imagination, Afro-surrealism, Afro-realism, and Afro-Dadaism. All the isms that pertain to creative workmanship were intersecting having an influence on the sub-conscious black person that in turn then question the status quo. In which the politics, the law, the society, the education, the religion. In the inception of the above social spheres, their inception did not consider the black person. Therefore one gets to observe the unholy murder of Emmett Louis Till, his death could be suggested as well into being the mulch that inspired the accelerated black consciousness that saw with it the rise of the 60s being the gateway into black emancipation. In that breath, the 60s saw the Rivonia Trial taking place, the emergence of Umkhonto We Sizwe, and the rise of the P.A.C. led by Robert Sobukwe. Winnifred Madikizela-Mandela was the custodian of the black revolution while Nelson Mandela and others were in prison. Therefore one can suggest that the black revolution did not end with the black man, the black revolution globally rested as well within the hands of black women as well. Thus echoing the sentiments within the black community of cohesion amongst the two genders that make up the black society. The rising of global conflicts such as world war one and two, the cold war was a catalyst for critical conversation with regard to the rights of black people globally. As the three wars posed a critical question on the global scale which was, where does the black person stand in the eyes of the coloniser, can the black person emancipate itself and be the master of its own destiny, furthermore, who is the black person on the global scene. As this can be observed with the three wars, the three wars were all based on a clash of ideas capitalism versus communism. Then the black person's psychology is the battleground for impirical attention. However, the question then poised was or would be where and if possible is the black person even allowed to pursue its own epistemological independence or it must be subservient and inclined with remorse to the ideals that have been established by foreign minds. Therefore in one's perspective and suggestion would be that the 60s is an important historical decade as it brought with it the core question of where and how can black independent thinking be viewed and witnessed. In many cases, according to history Black independent thinking is viewed with a grain of salt and is not permitted to roam free as it should and must be. As it can be submitted into the conversation through the sporadic coups that came along with it in Ghana in February 1966 Kwame Nkrumah was deposed by the military, tribal and ethnic conflicts decimated the Nigerian political structure, instead the Nigeria electorate voting based on party lines. The Nigerians still vote according to ethnic lines, which then creates a classicist, corrupt state virtually. The state fails before it ever begins its "independence" journey, paying attention to the Zaire case where black free thinking was quashed before it ever saw the light of day. The coup and assassination of Zaire's first and last democratically elected president Patrice Lumumba who was accused of being a communist and Mobutu Seseko through a coup became the de facto president of Zaire. A darling to the west but a foe to the people of Zaire. The 60s are an important decade for understanding the present, the future, and the past as the answers to everything that occurs in the black twenty-first century still repeat themselves in the 60s. The 60s brought with them the existential conversation around black literacy as it became the red carpet into black understanding. Which brought with it black reasoning, which then ushers the black person to be able to understand that the skills that are acquired at the tertiary level are not theirs per se. They belong to the community where they come from and the mantra "African problems need African ideas" echoes the declaration made by Kwame Nkrumah "The black man can solve his own problems", the unanimously means that the black person is given the chance to emancipate itself through successes and mistakes without interference has the capacity of solving its own problems and it can solve the world's problems. One can suggest that African philosophies have been decimated, while they do carry important notes and answers to the problems that humanity faces, "they gave us the bible, taught us how to pray when we opened our eyes they had taken the land". 1958 a penultimate year into black free-thinking, the year with it the first book was written by an African in English "Chinua Achebe: Things Fall Apart", the latter proves obvious as it can be understood that the body of work not only speaks about the state of the African. The body of work expresses the microcosm of the macrocosm with regards to the state of the African, therefore, observing the position of the African; Achebe the Godfather of African writing laid the foundation for what the 60s would be like for the black person in the global south. Achebe was like Jesus, African writers wrote and still write the Bible. The 60s are the foundation of black enlightenment, the past and the future repeat themselves and the present is a mystery.  

In conclusion in my view, I have come to understand in my journey thus that the 60s when it comes to definitive global south defiance and deciding to choose its own path. In any creatives journey, the 60s is the place to draw understanding when it comes to understanding the past as it affects the future, but the present is a mystery. 

"The Rise and fall of the ANC Youth League by Rebone Tau" book review.

An organisation that does not know its history is like a compass without a needle, a body without a soul, a barren sparse land without vegetation virtually just a thing, a wandering soul without a place of residence. The lack of trajectory affects the identity of the organisation, the organisation becomes an oasis for buzzards, vultures, parasites, and the damned. This then reflects and pours negatively on the people that depend on guidance from the organisation. The corrupt and the damned witness any form of appointment as a money-making scheme bootlicking wheel and ass-kissing conveyor belt. The cataclysmic results of such a vile and toxic environment. The mission statement of the organisation is eroded the effects are not felt at the top or the middle. The effects are felt by the masses those that make up the base of the societal pyramid. These are your professionals of any sort, students, children, servicemen, and organs of the state will eventually fall ill. Today I take dive into the literary work by Rebone Tau, "The Rise and fall of the ANC Youth League". I look at this body of literature from a bystander's point of view; someone that is seated around the fire and listening to the tales of yesterday and then reflects on how they are manifesting themselves today and beyond.  I look at this body of literature through the lenses of a history fan, an individual that is in search of understanding intimately its place in this reality. My generation is at a crossroads whereby globalisation is at an all-time high. There is a mass exodus of people from various places as they are in search of safe-havens. Places where they can become themselves, in that whim and wind of physical displacement. Identity politics become the mainstay in anyone's view of their world, I explicitly convey the idea of searching and understanding where is the African, who is the African, how is the African. My generation is at an epoch where African voices due to the global gaze "going viral", have become the new frontier of epistemological preservation and fifteen seconds of fame. The core of being or becoming is slowly being eroded. In essence, we have become a mass or herd of the walking cadavers that yearn and crave the freshest brains to devour, the cataclysmic reality is that the mainstay that has brought and defined the African in this era and beyond has slowly become vagabonds that yearn for the attention of the marbles of men, forgetting the viper that lies in the cavern of men. My generation is poised at a transitional phase where some are second-generation after independence from one end, and others are third and fourth generation after "independence". The epistemology and discourse between the two or three generations are different. In that observation, the effect is that it is a broken telephone situation. The dangers of it all are that the lack of basis of observation or reference results in a tantamounting catastrophe, the conversation of emancipation of the black men that have been forced to become a pariah in their own land becomes a marred and distorted one. In the face of changes as time consumes itself before one knows it. The black agenda that was started in earnest by the class of 1963 becomes a joke, a farce, a humiliation to all the efforts that have been invested by the foremothers and forefathers of this continent. 

Therefore Tau-, comes into the picture with a body of literature that yearns, reflects, and consciously bemoans the catastrophe that has fallen before the once-revered political party that birthed Africa. Icons such as Oliver Reginald Tambo, Govan Mbeki, Walter Sisulu, Winnefred Madikizela-Mandela, Solomon "Solly" Mahlangu, and Nelson Mandela, among others. 

Bob Marley sang the following lyrics, "everyone has the right to decide their own destiny" the reggae crooner furthermore then says, "emancipate yourselves from mental slavery, none but ourselves can free our mind", the incorporation of the reggae crooner in this episode serves as the mulch or launching pad from the moon to the infinite universe hopefully beyond this galaxy of epistemological examination. Through the exploration of Tau's literature and attempting to extrapolate the conscious conversation behind the body of literature and from a non-partisan point of view this work best serves as a good read that allows one eager mind that seeks to understand not the ANC, but the vast extensive sparse of the political landscape of South Africa. The initial observation from this regard is that Tau's work may serve you the reader a glimpse into understanding the reasons as to why certain political parties react in their certain particular manner. If you are into business or would love to venture into business in South Africa one day the Tau literature is one of the many bodies of knowledge you ought to consult before venturing into any venture. 

In my time so far in South Africa interacted with my colleagues and shared scopes around curriculums and the length of how one should spend in school and which modules could or must a pupil be exposed to. Extensively History is one of the modules that is emphasised in Zimbabwe, every pupil that goes through the ZIMSEC syllabus they are expected to undertake history from the beginning of secondary school until they finish their secondary school. Transitioning to high school is when pupils get to choose if they are willing to pursue history or not. The point that I am delivering to the fray is that when Zimbabwe attained its independence away from the Smith regime. The then government of Robert Mugabe understood that the epistemology of Zimbabwe should go through a rapid overhaul "DeColonisation". In order to safeguard the fragile minds of the citizenry from the effects of not knowing their own past. Others would suggest it was a bid to consolidate a one-party state campaign to keep all in line and whatever endeavor that the Mugabe regime would pursue it would not be objected to. One case in point as a suggestion is the accelerated land reform program from 1998 to 2004. The accelerated land reform program submitted the fertile conversation around African Law and the inherited Roman-Dutch Law, as a legal system that emphasises the preservation of the private property rights of the white minority that has over time benefited from an unfair legal system that disregarded the voices of the African. Thus when Mugabe and his party removed Anthony Gubbay subsequently capturing the judiciary the interests of the Africans were championed and the Accelerated land reform program was given the free route to manifest itself. In the name of restoring the dignity of the African as history has and had proven itself time and time again that the Africans have been at the mercy of the imperialists. In one's suggestion, the consciousness of the Zimbabwean was and is aware of the ineptitude that has come along with the legal system versus the African legal system. Acknowledging the effect of the Accelerated Land Reform Program it forsook the interests of the nation it championed the interests of the few, thus collapsing the economy of Zimbabwe to this day, and thus resulting in a classicist feudal system that only benefits those that believe that they have earned the moral high ground of determining the future of fifteen-million Zimbabweans. The point that I working around in this juncture is to submit the suggestion as to why history is not emphasised within the curriculum of South Africa, this reasoning can be understood in the following article: History to be made compulsory in school (2018). The exhibit's inclusion in this build-up is to point out the significance of the Tau literature. Upon getting to interacting with the piece of literature I sensed an aura or yearning of heart that is whispering and communicating the essence of identity. The importance of drawing inspiration from where did the ANC start and how did it develop itself to become public enemy number one during the height of the Apartheid government. The time travel that Tau offers to the reader is a metaphorical conversation around the significance of identity and the significance of time within the African society. Tau, to the reader, is reminding the reader that traces back your footsteps you will find your way back home. In a world where conflicting stories about the origins of an organisation and to some lengths bodies of literature are woven by persons that have to do nothing with the nation or the organisation. Tau is offering an alternative route to understanding the beginnings of the ANC as a political party. Tau also submits a point as I interpreted it speaks about the need to have more black voices that are willing to serve or offer up their time and tell the authentic, intentional cause of curating information for its own people. The scope of African literature juxtaposing it against the global modern world, is sixty-four years "Things fall apart". Comparing African literature versus the world, African literature is still young and there is a lot to unpack discuss, critique, expound, emphasise, churn, and correct. Therefore straddling a bit away from the political conversation. Drawing closer to praising the literary skill of composing and consolidating African stories and history Tau submits the much-needed skill in the black community and that is preserving information in accordance to the black lens.  

1944 plays as that need to amplify the juncture that catapulted the identity of the ANCYL, the league's formation was to form as the bridging gap between the main wing and the youth wing. In essence, the youth league played multiple roles in the status quo of keeping and servicing the role of the pro-black emancipation movement in South Africa at that time. Therefore we are brought to understand that the youth league was the training ground for the future of South Africa. The youth league was the ears and eyes of the youth at that time, the foot soldiers' purpose was to charge champion and solve the problems of the youth of South Africa at that time. Furthermore in understanding the thought process of Tau in weaving the body of work. The writer foreshadows the future by taking the reader back to the olden days where and when the league was in its infancy and it maintained its mandate of serving the youths of South Africa. 

Tau takes the reader on a trip down memory lane to the time when the youth leaguers were forced to go out in exile. The leaguers found refuge and training in countries such as Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, and Tanzania, among other states. The leaguers that were in exile carried out activities such as art as a movement into raising awareness of the social ills that had bedeviled the country at that time. The league served as a launching pad for artists such as Hugh Masekela among others that carried the mandate of discussing the ills that have bedeviled South Africa at that time. In exile, the leaguers have been portrayed as persons that emphasised the importance not only of art as a medium of focus for mental stimulation, but there were also reading programs involved in these camps. Thus from a reader's perspective the importance of literature, African literature decoding and understanding the use of language during a time when and where there was a massive brainwashing activity that would eventually incapacitate the black South African from being free mentally. The mentioning of exile camps outside South Africa, to one's suggestion, would be a subtle reminder to the community that no African is an Island. The struggles that experience another African are that of the next African, an echo of when Ghana attained her independence and the late Kwame Nkrumah said, "Ghana is not free until all African countries are free".

 

 As I was going through its pages I found myself being reminded of this phrase, "you need to know your history in order to know your place in this world", the literature emits Afro-surrealistic energy. Energy that reminds one and all that the African is living in a simulation and break away from the matrix and behold and brave to chart your own path. Therefore the ANCYL of yesterday was always at odds with their seniors "the main league". As the youth full of energy and zest were inspired to enact action and change there and then. However, the old order chose a more subtle approach to solving the issues of the greater South Africa. This then and was one of the many reasons that led to the emergence of parties such as the P.A.C. and fast forwarding to today the EFF. The Mister Malema-led party subsequently went away with a majority of the youth that the ANC relies on, in order to survive the tides of time. 

With a meditated and chewed to the bone understanding of the literature, it is worth noting that documentation of one's history. Is an arsenal for the one that is seeking, pursuing, and extracting the purpose, mission, and identity of an organisation in this view. We take a look at the design of the this is the colour choices, the text design invested. The concept invested in the design of the book, it emits a whispering voice that says "hey let's sit down and I will tell you, all you need to know about the ANCYL, also a crash course into South African history that is rarely told, furthermore, once you are done reading me you shall have more questions about yourself and the world around you".

This body of literature is a body that takes you on an information superhighway, which I managed to deduce further from the Tau literature. Is that the body of work that can be used in the ANCYL curriculum of party ideology. As the body of work carries the blueprint that is needed by the leaguers to make the right decisions that are based upon their own discretion and confront the old demons that lurk in the shadows so as to be bold and brave enough to safeguard the brand ANC. That has taken a knock over the past years. 

The chapter that stood out when I was going through the novel is chapters 3 & 4, the two chapters give us a picture of a movement that is experiencing a De Ja Vu of 1944. Tau foreshadows the future by communicating with the past in the early chapters as the writer takes and shows the reader that within the main league according to the writer. There was a rift in ideologies and charting the way forward for the party. The cause of the rift was based on the view of the path to take, some were choosing the more subtle route and others had chosen to take the radical route. This then was accelerated by the factions that had bedeviled ANC. 

As the world was gearing for the end of the world in 2012, the end of the world for the ANCYL was established when the main league ANC disbanded the ANCYL. The disbanding of the ANCYL in 2012 adversely shrunk the grip and reception of the brand ANC. In which firebrands such Mister Malema, Shivambu, among others. Walked away from the ANC include a legion of supporters which left the ANCYL scrounging for relevance and trying to find potential key players that would fill in the Malema void. Three years later "Fees Must Fall" the ANCYL was nowhere to be found, an opportunity that was ceased by Mister Malema's EFF. 

In observing the summary of the key chapters of this book Tau gives us an elaborated demise of the ANCYL and reminds the reader of the clash between the old guards and new guards.

In one's observation, I felt that there were key areas that could have been explored, I might be jumping the gun on the writer. However, I would like to know the role of the Mandela Football club that was led by Ma Winnie at that time. The role of people such Mcebo Dlamini during fees must fall in 2015/16, why has the ANCYL come out and stand with one of their own. There are a lot of questions and there is a potential for a volume, two or more. Finally, there are a lot of conversations that could be dug up and investigated further that might be linked with the downfall of the ANCYL. What has to be established is that this reader is the tip of the iceberg. I do not know but I can feel it...

The literature does leave the reader with some answered questions and hopes about the future and reminds the reader that there is still hope and the future for the party is still in safe hands. However, one of the main conversations that the writer and those that contributed is the consolidation and education of the newer generation. I sensed there is a gap between the old and new generation, harnessing the art of culture, especially music and poetry, most of all reading has been a culture that is being encouraged in the movement. Other than that the body of literature is a good read for the curious-minded ones.

Know your history and you will know your place in this world...